Monday, February 23, 2009
Feb26 Summary(C7 Designing Oral Presentations)
Chapter 7 explores how to overcome speech anxiety and strategies to design effective presentations.
How can you reduce speech anxiety and how to design effective presentations? First of all, select a topic based on your interests, your skills, or current events. Informative, persuasive, requesting, and entertaining are four speech goal intentions. Secondly, analyze your audience to customize your presentation to meet their information, point of view, and background needs.
And the most important, a speech should have an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. The introduction should preview the main idea; establish your credibility; get the audience’s attention; and make a connection among you, the audience, and the occasion. The body of speech should describe, explain, or demonstrate the main ideas through supportive secondary ideas. The conclusion should summarize and connect main points, provide future direction, and close in a meaningful and memorable way.
Every speech must have a general and a specific purpose. A general purpose is to inform, to persuade, to entertain or to inspire. A specific purpose is what you want the audience to do after listening to your speech. Once you have established your general and specific purposes, you’ll find it easy to organize your speech. You’ll also have more confidence, which makes you more convincing, enthusiastic and sincere. Of course, the better organized the speech is, the more likely it is to achieve your purpose.
Good speech organization is essential if our audience is to follow and understand your presentation. You must take the time to put your ideas together in an orderly manner. You can organize your speech in several different ways; choose the outline that best suits your topic. The opening should catch the audience’s attention, the body must support the idea you want to convey, and the conclusion should reinforce your ideas and be memorable. Transitions between thoughts should be smooth.
How can you reduce speech anxiety and how to design effective presentations? First of all, select a topic based on your interests, your skills, or current events. Informative, persuasive, requesting, and entertaining are four speech goal intentions. Secondly, analyze your audience to customize your presentation to meet their information, point of view, and background needs.
And the most important, a speech should have an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. The introduction should preview the main idea; establish your credibility; get the audience’s attention; and make a connection among you, the audience, and the occasion. The body of speech should describe, explain, or demonstrate the main ideas through supportive secondary ideas. The conclusion should summarize and connect main points, provide future direction, and close in a meaningful and memorable way.
Every speech must have a general and a specific purpose. A general purpose is to inform, to persuade, to entertain or to inspire. A specific purpose is what you want the audience to do after listening to your speech. Once you have established your general and specific purposes, you’ll find it easy to organize your speech. You’ll also have more confidence, which makes you more convincing, enthusiastic and sincere. Of course, the better organized the speech is, the more likely it is to achieve your purpose.
Good speech organization is essential if our audience is to follow and understand your presentation. You must take the time to put your ideas together in an orderly manner. You can organize your speech in several different ways; choose the outline that best suits your topic. The opening should catch the audience’s attention, the body must support the idea you want to convey, and the conclusion should reinforce your ideas and be memorable. Transitions between thoughts should be smooth.
Wednesday, February 18, 2009
Feb19 Summary (C6 Designing Messages with Words)
Designing messages with words requires intrapersonal communication skills even in impromptu conversations. Verbal communication is the use of language symbols to deliver meaningful messages. We use a particular verbal style to convey our meaning to a specific audience and within a specific context. Words are powerful. They convey our message and influence the audience and its perception of us. Word choice and arrangement need just as much attention as speech organization and purpose. Select clear, accurate, descriptive and short words that best communicate your ideas and arrange them effectively and correctly. Every word should add value, meaning and punch to the speech.
If we believe we are communicating clearly but our audience still misunderstands the message goal, we may be using words, phrases, or strategies that limit or undermine our meaning. I think there is a better way to use information collected from numerous sources and carefully support points with specific facts, examples and illustrations, rather than with just your own opinions.
What’s more, reasons consist of evidence, support, or proof used in an argument, however, the process of making connections between ideas and evidence is called reasoning.
Appeals to an audience can be based on personal credibility, the arousal of an emotional response, and proof.
If we believe we are communicating clearly but our audience still misunderstands the message goal, we may be using words, phrases, or strategies that limit or undermine our meaning. I think there is a better way to use information collected from numerous sources and carefully support points with specific facts, examples and illustrations, rather than with just your own opinions.
What’s more, reasons consist of evidence, support, or proof used in an argument, however, the process of making connections between ideas and evidence is called reasoning.
Appeals to an audience can be based on personal credibility, the arousal of an emotional response, and proof.
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
Feb12 Summary(C5 Creating and Using Meaning)
Chapter 5 explores how we learn and design clear message meaning.
Meaning is a process of perception and interpretation. We make meaning according to our social, cultural, historical, interpersonal, and business environments. In meaning making, we receive sensory information from our environment through sight, sound, taste, touch, or smell, and we mentally become aware of, or perceive, the stimuli. We also associate meaning with certain symbols as a type of sign with only an indirect association. Both signs and symbols are socially created to help us share and communicate meaning. We can find this material on the Internet, at a library and in other places. I think these signs and symbols are good for visual aids, it help an audience understand and remember what they hear; they are valuable tools for speakers. Such as PPT, movies, TV, etc.
The type of visual aid you choose depends on several factors, including the information you wish to display and the size of the audience. Visuals must be appropriate for your message and the audience, and be displayed correctly with ease and confidence.
And meaning is also derived through the various contexts in which our communication occurs. The different contexts that create the conditions for our different interpretations of meaning are intrapersonal, personal history, cultural, interpersonal, and business contexts. Understanding each other’s meaning is not always easy because two people rarely see their personal and social worlds in exactly the same way.
Meaning is a process of perception and interpretation. We make meaning according to our social, cultural, historical, interpersonal, and business environments. In meaning making, we receive sensory information from our environment through sight, sound, taste, touch, or smell, and we mentally become aware of, or perceive, the stimuli. We also associate meaning with certain symbols as a type of sign with only an indirect association. Both signs and symbols are socially created to help us share and communicate meaning. We can find this material on the Internet, at a library and in other places. I think these signs and symbols are good for visual aids, it help an audience understand and remember what they hear; they are valuable tools for speakers. Such as PPT, movies, TV, etc.
The type of visual aid you choose depends on several factors, including the information you wish to display and the size of the audience. Visuals must be appropriate for your message and the audience, and be displayed correctly with ease and confidence.
And meaning is also derived through the various contexts in which our communication occurs. The different contexts that create the conditions for our different interpretations of meaning are intrapersonal, personal history, cultural, interpersonal, and business contexts. Understanding each other’s meaning is not always easy because two people rarely see their personal and social worlds in exactly the same way.
Tuesday, February 3, 2009
Feb05 Summary(C4 Listening: A Silent Hero)
In most business situations, we listen more than we read, write, or speak. We use listening more than virtually any other communication skill, so listening is so important.
Listening is the intrapersonal process of selecting, attending to, interpreting, and remembering the sounds that we hear. But hearing is the physiological reception of sound waves that is necessary for listening. Active listening is an important business tool in which you focus, interpret, and respond verbally and nonverbally to the messages you receive. Meanwhile, I think when you talking, you may pay more attention on your voice, it has a major effect on your audience. A lively, exciting voice attracts and keeps listeners’ attention. A speaking voice should be pleasant, natural, forceful, expressive and easily heard. Use volume, pitch, rate and quality as well as appropriate pauses to reflect and add meaning and interest to your message. Your voice should reflect the thoughts you are presenting.
What’s more, Pleasure listening can be a soothing way for busy professionals to relax after long meetings or while they are crafting documents, listening for pleasure is an example of passive listening. While, not listening in meetings, conferences, or other business groups can cost a business precious time and effort because messages may need to be repeated or assignments may need to be revised.
Listening is the intrapersonal process of selecting, attending to, interpreting, and remembering the sounds that we hear. But hearing is the physiological reception of sound waves that is necessary for listening. Active listening is an important business tool in which you focus, interpret, and respond verbally and nonverbally to the messages you receive. Meanwhile, I think when you talking, you may pay more attention on your voice, it has a major effect on your audience. A lively, exciting voice attracts and keeps listeners’ attention. A speaking voice should be pleasant, natural, forceful, expressive and easily heard. Use volume, pitch, rate and quality as well as appropriate pauses to reflect and add meaning and interest to your message. Your voice should reflect the thoughts you are presenting.
What’s more, Pleasure listening can be a soothing way for busy professionals to relax after long meetings or while they are crafting documents, listening for pleasure is an example of passive listening. While, not listening in meetings, conferences, or other business groups can cost a business precious time and effort because messages may need to be repeated or assignments may need to be revised.
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